Cambodia is complete assault on the senses and has shown us the best and the worst of what humans can do. It is a pretty poor country and because of that the infrastructure and other signs of ‘development’ are sparse, however you soon become engrossed by the warmth and smiles of the people. I have to say that if Thailand was a great chill out, and Vietnam felt like proper ‘travelling’ Cambodia has woken me up about people, humanity and generally what is important in life.

Our route into Cambodia took us from Chau Doc, a small town right on the Vietnam/Cambodia border. We could have taken a bus or even flown into Cambodia, but instead we took the slow boat up the Mekong and through to Phnom Penh. The journey took a total of 8 hours and involved a visa stop and border crossing. Although the river didn’t change, the atmosphere was tangibly different the moment we crossed the border. It is a wonderful trip that if you get the chance you must do. sitting on my little deck chair on the boat as it put put putted up the river was so nice, on the banks you pass endless floating houses and villages, people living their lives and so cut off from the towns that the river is the only thing that matters to them.

The border crossing itself was a breeze, especially when I recall Mongolia, China and even the trip into Hong Kong from the mainland. The boat driver took our passports and $22 each, oh and a couple of the passport photos that we had helpfully gotten done before we left on the trip! Another couple were struggling as they had no pics, or dollars – made me feel bit smug!! So after a combined passport control and lunch break, we were in Cambodia, and from that moment I really warmed to the place. All the kids would run to wave to us from the banks and there was clear sense of friendliness.



Phnom Penh was a funny experience. There are pockets of the city that you feel like you are in the nicest parts of a big Indian city. The riverfront is full of nice coffee shops and there are Mercs and shiny range rover sports whizzing about. However I soon got the sense that this is a city in transition, being the capital there is some money here, hence the glossy facade in places, but Phnom Penh still felt like a small – big town. Anyway, the outstanding thing about this a place is its rebirth. Just 30 years ago the whole of the city was torn apart by Pol Pot and his Khmer Rouge fanatics (more below), the city was seen as the home of evil westernised corrupt people, and as such everyone was driven out and the place left to ruin. Pol pot believed in the ruralisation of the country. With that in mind I think it is amazing to walk the streets, where such terror reigned so recently. I felt pretty humbled and to some extent, it increased my respect for the place. Sure it’s rough around the edges, but then if you are beaten up to an inch of your life bruises show for a while. Again like most of south East Asia, there were so many young people everywhere. Maybe this will be the strength of the region in the next years, the population long hungry to push forward in their way, I didn’t feel that the Indochina region were as totally driven by a western/US vision of the world – there are NO McDonalds or Starbucks here and it feels like years since we have had a Frappucino or McFlurry!!!! Good thing, that.
So some of the best of people was the friendliness of people here, the smiles of the kids and the continual and very good English that they would be keen to practice with you. I think by far the most horrific things I have seen in my life were also here, in the killing fields and the s21 prison. To understand these place a little history is needed:
1970s Cambodia is fighting with Vietnam and generally the area is pretty unstable, the US is in the middle of another disastrous bit of meddling in the Vietnam War, and they are also bombing parts of Cambodia. General things are not good
1975 Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge basically take over Cambodia, in something of a coup, in which they enforce a comprehensive and ultimately barbaric regime based on a doctrine of ruralisation and with the intention of demolishing all class structures, all ‘western’ hues, and anything that differentiates one person from another. This meant one type of clothing, one hairstyle, one message, no culture, no religion, single tracked education, and definitely no class distinction. Pol Pots aim was to return Cambodia to the greatness of the Khmer past and the Angkor culture.
Unfortunately he and his henchmen were totally ruthless and barbaric. Everyone was sent to the countryside, with the sole aim of rice production, and to live the village life. Conditions were harsh, and in order to achieve the goal of increasing the annual rice crop 4 fold, everyone was set to work like slaves, 18hours a day, little food and no healthcare or adequate housing everyone became a slave in their own country. Anyone who didn’t confirm was killed, and over 4 years from 1975 – 1979 2 million totally innocent people were killed. If you were too pale, you were accused of being Chinese – you died. If you were a doctor, you were too educated – you died, if you lived in a city, you moved to the country and if you could not work – you died.

If this was not bad enough, Pol Pots insane paranoia led him to decree that anyone who could harbour any thought of revenge against ‘Angkor’ and the regime must die also, so the WHOLE family were killed. This was genocide at its most horrific.

People were shot, battered with stones, poles stick, axes anything that could be found. The killing fields that covered the whole of the country flowed red with blood for 4 years. 2 million people – 1 in 5 of the population, man, woman, child, grandparent. It did not matter. How can anyone cultivate such thoughts in there might and how can they order the extermination of such numbers – everyone totally innocent of any crime. Unbelievable.

Just reading about it was numbing enough, but to visit the killing fields outside of Phnom Penh and the S21 prison in the city, just left us totally struck by it all. S21 used to be a school in Phnom Penh before it was taken over by the KR and turned into the largest prison in the country. Rooms for learning were turned into torture and death cells. Thousands of political and other prisoners were brought there, tortured and interrogated and ultimately killed. The prison is now a museum, but has been left very much untouched. This adds to the horror, as you walk over the beautiful floor tiles, thinking of the horrors that took place. The cells that were made in the classrooms are as they were, again walking through sent a chill through us. Everyone who visited came in smiling and talking, and left totally silent and unable to comprehend what they had seen.

We also visited the killing fields or Chueng Ek. About 15 kms out of Phnom Penh, this was the killing camp that people were sent to die from Phnom Penh. 84 of over 140 graves were opened when Cambodia was liberated. Thousands of bodies were found, in shallow graves, and a memorial has been erected, that contains the skulls of some of the dead. This stands in remembrance to the fallen. At its peak over 200 people were killed each DAY at this place.
You walk around and you can’t really say anything, for one moment the place looks like a tranquil field, but just one moments thought of what had gone on turns the place into hell. You still see torn clothing trodden into the ground, teeth poking out of the soil. It’s too much...
Even more profound for me, is the fact that this is RECENT history. 30 years ago, there were pictures of the ‘prisoners’ dated Oct 1978. That hit me pretty hard. You can forget things if they happened 800 years ago, but when you are being born in one country and a few thousand miles down the road a country is being wiped out, at the same time, something hits you. As we walked around Cambodia I felt that there were so many people, probably everyone in the country today would have been affected by this. Many would have been there, and they live such fruitful lives now. I am blown away by that, it makes me feel totally inadequate and fairly meaningless. To have you heart torn out and then to live again is something.
I think in visiting Cambodia we have seen where hell on earth was. The only thing that makes Cambodia survivable is the people, who save you from everything. They show me what humanity should be about, and despite the relative poverty, people feel rich in their history, community and faith.
In the same week we saw hell, we also saw heaven, in the form of the Angkor Temples. Of a different time, the temples of Angkor show just how strong the Khmer culture was and powerful they were in the region 1000 years ago.